To bridge this crucial gap, first, this paper presents a comprehensive benchmark suite to evaluate the out-of-distribution (OOD) performance of image compression methods.

Photorealistic generation is undergoing a period that future scholars may well compare to the enlightenment era.

Missing values in real-world data pose a significant and unique challenge to algorithmic fairness.

The science of soulmates: Is there someone out there exactly right for you? On Valentine's Day, there's the temptation to believe that somewhere out there is The One: a soulmate, a perfect match, the person you were meant to be with. Across history, humans have always been drawn to the idea that love isn't random. In ancient Greece, Plato imagined that we were once whole beings with four arms, four legs and two faces, so radiant that Zeus split us in two; ever since, each half has roamed the earth searching for its missing other, a myth that gives the modern soulmate its poetic pedigree and the promise that somewhere, someone will finally make us feel complete. In the Middle Ages, troubadours and Arthurian tales recast that longing as courtly love, a fierce, often forbidden devotion like Lancelot's for Guinevere, in which a knight proved his worth through self-sacrifice for a beloved he might never openly declare.

In this work, we treat variational flows as dynamical systems, and leverage shadowing theory to elucidate this behavior via theoretical guarantees on the error of sampling, density evaluation, and ELBO estimation.